The market of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is booming worldwide during the past years. The transportation of LNG over long distances, generate a great demand of cryogenic pipeline facilities, including cryogenic valves.
Cryogenic Valve, Cryogenic Gate Valve, Cryogenic Ball Valve Supplier, Cryogenic Globe Valve Manufacturer, Low Temperature Valve Supplier Wenzhou Kolink Valve Co., Ltd. , http://www.kolinkvalves.com
Due to high performance of the cryogenic valves, materials with outstanding mechanical properties in crygenic environments are required. The body and trim materials should pass the impact test at a specific temperature. Other designs also include: extended bonnet to make sure the temperature of stuffing box remains at a relative higher interval; relief port or by-pass system to prevent abnormal pressure rising which could destroy the pipe facilities; etc.
Kolink cryogenic valves (low temperature valves) include: crygenic gate valves, crygenic globe valves, crygenic check valves and crygenic ball valves, with material range of LCB, LF2, LC1, LC3, 304, 316, and temperature range of -46 ~ 196°C.
Cryogenic Globe Valve
Cryogenic Gate Valve
LED lighting ushers in the tide of listing, still facing five major challenges
According to the statistics of industry research institutions, there are about 20 listed companies with LED industry chain as their main business, and 60 to 70 listed companies involving LEDs. At present, 100 to 200 LED companies have completed the shareholding system transformation and are ready to go public. Zhang Hongbiao predicts that from the current situation, if it is not affected by macro factors, at least 10 LED companies in this batch can be listed. Not only LED lighting, but also accessories companies can also be listed. Even if the IPO is suspended, these LED companies will quickly update the data and re-declare. Because the LED lighting industry is in a period of rapid growth, first, the demand for capital is very large; second, strategic investors have constraints on the time-to-market. The IPO has been closed for more than a year. Too many LED companies are listed, so it depends on who has the opportunity and luck. Zhang Hongbiao said that although there are many companies that want to go public, it is easier for companies to meet the requirements. The restrictions on IPO have been relaxed, and the previous three years of revenue and profit growth have now been demanded. He estimated that a new round of LED lighting listing boom will bring more merger cases and promote industry reshuffle. In the future, LED lighting will pay more attention to the capital market. The increase in income does not increase profits, which is the overall situation of the industry. Some enterprises will increase their profits when they grow to a certain scale, but the gross profit margin will go down. In the middle of the LED market this year, the situation of increasing income will not improve. LED road lighting industry distribution Currently, domestic road lighting production is mainly concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. It is understood that the domestic road lighting production bases are Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong, especially Jiangsu and Guangdong. Jiangsu is a traditional road lighting company. It is also transforming LEDs. It mainly uses the whole lamp circulation market. In the domestic market, Jiangsu is the largest production base of road lighting products, which is estimated to account for about 60% of the national market. As a national LED production center, Guangdong is the production base of LED road lighting in China. In my opinion, the quality of LED road lighting products in Guangdong Province should be the best at present, and the quality of street lamps in Guzhen is particularly outstanding. However, for some reasons, the street lamps in Guzhen are still mainly provided with supporting facilities, which are estimated to account for 60-70 of the entire market. Zhejiang is known for its specialization. Du Jifang, general manager of Hongbao Electric Industry, believes that the domestic LED industry is mainly concentrated in Guangdong Province, LED enterprises account for about 6-7 percent of the country. According to incomplete statistics, there are over 29,000 LED companies in Guangdong Province. Therefore, LED road lighting is mainly concentrated in Guangdong Province. Due to its industrial clusters and complete facilities, Guangdong Province also has great advantages in LED road lighting. Li Shunping, director of marketing for Pujing Lighting, said that Jiangsu is a road lighting production base known for its traditional street lamps. Its advantage lies in the fact that the price of poles is 10-20 lower than that of other regions. In the LED road lighting products, the quality of Guangdong Province The highest, the recognition of the whole lamp in the country is relatively high. Wang Haigang, general manager of Ruixing, said that there are road lighting production bases in various provinces in China, but the large bases are also in Changzhou, Zhejiang, Zhongshan, Guangdong and other places. Five major problems facing the development of LED lighting In recent years, LED has developed rapidly. Many cities in the world are vigorously promoting LED, implementing LED energy-saving street lighting transformation for traditional street lamps, and various roads are also being built, and LED road lighting products are also used. . Although the LED road lighting market has considerable prospects, there are still some problems in LED road lighting, including standards, technology and sales. LED road lighting wants to completely occupy the market, and may need to solve the following these questions. Standardization Issues There is now an international organization that has introduced road light standards, but has not yet formed a comprehensive industry standard in China. There are many manufacturers of LED street lamps, and the modules of each manufacturer are not unified. Without standardization, a series of problems will arise in production, sales, circulation, and use. Because the products of different manufacturers are different from the light source and the electrical appliances, especially the size of the electrical appliances and the current and voltage classification of the joint drive. If the manufacturer goes bankrupt after a period of time, then if there is a problem with the application luminaire, the corresponding replacement product cannot be found. In the process of promoting LEDs, the issue of standardization is worthy of attention. The above-mentioned industry professionals said that the current lack of a unified LED road lighting standard in the industry can easily lead to uneven quality of LED road lighting products in the market, allowing users to reduce their trust in LED products, which is the most affected. The more regular manufacturers. The emergence of standards will gradually open up the market, but Du Jifang believes that the standard is still suitable for the industry to mature, she said: In fact, the country's road lighting design standards are there, there is no need to set a road design standard for LED, because no matter you What kind of luminaires can be used as long as they meet the road design standards. For LEDs, the biggest problem now is that the quality of the products is uneven and the interface of the accessories is different, and the compatibility is poor. In the early period of Guangdong Province, a LED road lighting benchmark was issued to provide enterprises with LED development trends and technical indicators. In addition, in order to unify the interface, Guangdong Province also issued the "Guangdong Province Standard Light Components." As for the introduction of the standard, I think the timing is still immature, because LED is a new industry, and all the standards are only developed when an industry matures. Early introduction may even restrict the development of the industry. LED Energy Savings LED energy saving is now discussed very much. LEDs are indeed energy efficient, but they cannot be generalized. To what extent does it save energy, this depends mainly on its opponents, but also on the mode of use. The reason why LEDs can be used as street lamps is that their dimming performance is better than that of conventional lamps, so they can be used as alternative sources. The biggest energy-saving part of road lighting is dimming. At present, traditional lamp dimming can only be adjusted by half, and LED lights can be adjusted to 5-10, which is also one aspect of LED lamps superior to HPS lamps. However, the dimming should be based on the change of traffic flow in different time periods, and the LED street light can ultimately save energy depending on the traffic flow. The combination of street lamp single lamp control dimming and traffic flow is advanced in China and is also an embodiment of the advanced nature of LED street lamps. Now the latest guideline of the International Commission on Illumination CIE115 has developed a road classification. By considering the traffic flow, traffic composition, and whether there are crossroads and other factors to obtain data, the motorway is divided into M1-M6 grades, and different grades have different lighting requirements. Therefore, many people in the industry hope that the domestic road classification can be formulated as soon as possible, which will greatly help LED street light applications. LED precision light control problem One of the reasons why many people in the industry promote LED is that LED can control light precision, think that HPS light control is not accurate, so that light runs to the opposite side of the road and wastes energy, and the precise light control of LED light can Light is controlled in the area that needs to be illuminated, thereby saving unnecessary light. But the biggest problem with this theory is the lack of consideration for both sides of the road. According to an experiment done by a major international manufacturer, 78 people think that there is light on both sides of the road, no light makes people feel uncomfortable, and there are light roads on both sides that can bring people a sense of security. This is very important. We can't just consider the issue of energy conservation. We must master this degree when renovating road lighting. LED light color problem LED is characterized by high color temperature, high illumination and high light efficiency. The high color temperature is now used at 5000K, and the original color is used up to 6000K. In fact, the color temperature cannot be too high, which is related to the natural environment law of people's life. 6:00-8:00 in the morning, the natural color temperature is around 2000-3000K, which belongs to low color temperature. With the change of time, the color temperature at noon can reach 6000-7000K, and the color temperature becomes lower in the afternoon. Therefore, it has been suggested that high-temperature lamps of 5000-6000K should be avoided at night to follow the law of nature. Of course, the preference for light color temperature varies from person to person. Some people prefer white light. Some people prefer yellow light. Different people like different things, so this is not the same. Li Shunping said that the current application of LED lighting is mainly wax lamps, the product does not have yellow light, in other words, its color rendering is not up to the requirements, it is difficult to achieve color temperature. LED blue light problem In order to improve the light efficiency, the color temperature of the LED light is about 5000-6000K, and the blue light is particularly large. As we all know, people's eyes are different in light transmission according to age. People with younger ages have very good light transmission. People with older eyes have poor light transmission and poor absorption of blue light, which makes them feel glaring and glare when there is much blue light. This should also be taken into consideration when doing streetlights, analyzing the age composition of the drivers on the road. In addition, in the 1960s, foreign countries conducted an experiment to explore the high cancer rate of textile workers and nurses. It was concluded that high-intensity light reduced immune function and increased cancer risk. Whether white light will affect the health of the people, there is no authoritative conclusion yet, but it should also be prepared.